Clinical scenarios where crown lengthening procedures are indicated within the aesthetic zone require special consideration to achieve predictable aesthetic results. Whether they are performed for the purpose of exposing sound tooth structure, or to enhance the appearance of definitive restorations, these procedures must be planned to satisfy biologic requirements, while simultaneously avoiding deleterious aesthetic effect. Soft tissue lasers offer unparalleled precision & operator control & may be beneficial for finely tracing incision lines & sculpting the desired gingival margin outline, while also achieving excellent haemostasis & post-surgical healing.

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Er,Cr:YSGG laser is the laser that has an active medium of a solid crystal of Yttrium Scandium Gallium Garnet that is doped with Erbium and Chromium. Modern Science & technology has undergone rapid changes over the last few decades. This development enables to adopt newer treatment options that include more conservative, painless, comfortable & reliable approach towards better aesthetic outcome in dentistry. Among the other advancements, lasers in dentistry are the latest innovation. A wide range of lasers are now available in dentistry. Lasers can be used on hard dental tissues for caries removal, cavity preparation, bleaching of discoloured tooth etc. It also can be used for soft tissue procedures like gingivectomy, frenectomy, crown lengthening procedure and other periodontal procedures. This laser is capable of multiple applications because of its interaction with tissue is strongly influenced by variation in air -water ratio of the spray and thus makes the economics of laser therapy more feasible. This paper summaries different clinical applications of Er, Cr: YSGG lasers in Conservative dentistry.

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Odontomes are considered to be hemartomatous malformation rather than true neoplasm and are generally asymptomatic. They are associated with impacted unerupted teeth. This case report of a 10 year old girl, revealed an Odontome which was obstructing maxillary right central incisor from erupting .Odontome was exposed using diode laser for incision and frenectomy and extracted to allow eruption of impacted maxillary right incisor using orthodontic eruption guidance appliance. Surgical procedures that were once rejected in young patients can now be safely and quickly treated with lasers in dental office.

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Aim: Fluorosis may bring about mineralization changes in the teeth. As Er:YAG laser irradiation is known to affect the mineralized tissues, the therapeutic benefit provided by lasers on fluorosed cementum requires to be studied. Therefore, this invitro study aimed to evaluate and compare the root surface changes following 2.94 μm Er:YAG laser irradiation on fluorosed and non-fluorosed teeth. Materials and Methods: 30 periodontally healthy fluorosed (FH) and non-fluorosed (NFH) root specimens were irradiated using the 2.94 μm Er:YAG laser at 140 mJ/pulse and 10 Hz energy parameters. SEM observation was performed to assess the laser induced ultrastructural changes in root surface. A dichotomous expression of root surface changes in each of the group was performed, for intergroup comparison. Results: A complete absence of thermal changes but presence of morphological changes like etched surface, melting of surface, smear layer, exposure of collagen tufts and open dentinal tubules, was observed in both FH and NFH root specimens. Intergroup comparisons using the dichotomous data indicated that except for melting of root surface, other undesirable morphological changes were found to be more in NFH root specimens than FH root specimens. Conclusion: The present study results suggest that the undesirable morphological changes were observed almost similarly in FH and NFH groups using the Er:YAG laser energy settings of 140 mJ/pulse and 10 Hz. Therefore, further in-vitro studies are required at lower energy settings, followed by clinical trials to elucidate and validate the use of Er:YAG laser on the fluorosed root surface.

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